Bridging Social Eras

Next Tuesday, the 5th April, former Middlesex and England off-spinning all-rounder Fred Titmus, will be laid to rest at West Herts Crematorium, Garston, nr Watford.

Ever since I first played (as Player/Coach) at Northerns-Goodwood CC  in Cape Town in 1984-5, I became more interested in Fred Titmus’s career, because he had previously held the position, and the Club President and Chairman spoke glowingly of Fred’s contribution to  the club, and Cricket in general in the Northern Suburbs of the Western Cape. My father, who grew up as a Middlesex supporter with Denis Compton as his sporting hero, often spoke about Titmus, and his courage in recovering from a nasty accident when losing his toes on one foot during an England Tour to West Indies. There is no doubt he was a fine cricketer.

As I journeyed through my life in Cricket, I came to know Fred a little. He was an England Selector, and as a result of Mickey Stewart’s invitation, Fred became a coach on Mickey’s Development of Excellence Programmes at Lilleshall for young English cricketers, where I was able to enjoy his company and humour on several occasions. Cricket has lost a good man.

Former England bowler Mike Selvey, penned a delightful, intimate tribute to his playing mentor at Middlesex, in his current capacity as The Guardian’s Cricket correspondent, highlighting the skill and wisdom of arguably Middlesex’s greatest ever cricketer:

The Middlesex off-spinner was an astonishing player who excelled for five decades and was my mentor.

Fred Titmus
Fred Titmus, the Middlesex and England off-spinner, took 2,830 first-class wickets over five decades. Photograph: Central Press/Getty Images

The news came, kindly and as I might have expected, from JT – John Murray – the other half of the cockney duo who were inextricably linked on the field for much of the career of Fred Titmus. Fred had been ill for a considerable time, cared for in a home, an Alzheimer’s victim and a shell of the chirpy genius he had once been. But it was pneumonia that did for him in the end. JT wanted me to know before I heard the news elsewhere. Fred and I were closer during my playing days than many people, JT even, knew.

In his passing at the age of 78 goes a remarkable cricketer, one who played and excelled at first-class and international level in five decades from his first Middlesex match, on the Recreation Ground during the Bath Festival of 1949, when, as a teenager, he played alongside, among others, Gubby Allen and Horace Brearley, to his last when he toddled into the Lord’s dressing room one August day in 1982 for a pipe, a cuppa and a natter, and was persuaded by Horace’s son, Mike, to play against Surrey on a pitch that looked as if it might take spin, joining as he did Phil Edmonds and John Emburey. He took nought for 49 and three for 43 in Middlesex’s win and was a couple of months shy of his 50th birthday.

Last October, after watching Graeme Swann produce some scintillating bowling from the same Pavilion End at Lord’s that was Fred’s stamping ground, I penned a piece in which I wondered whether Swann might just be a better bowler. Did I really mean it? Was I being seduced by the moment? No matter, it was only a day or so before an email dropped from JT who, having seen the piece and enjoyed it, wanted to take issue with my conclusion.

Imagine, he said, if Fred had had the benefit of the Umpire Decision Review System that has been of such benefit to Swann and other spinners. Did I not remember how during his Test career he was swept to distraction at times, particularly by Australians who did so secure in the knowledge that Fred’s trademark armball – a genuine swinger, a delivery that started outside leg-stump so that the batsman, suspected he had strayed down there (as if) and had begun the process of sweeping even as the ball swung down the line of the stumps and caught them in front mid-stroke – would not be allowed to dismiss them? The ball had scarcely left his hand on some occasions and it seemed as if JT was already appealing. Rarely was he as angry at the injustice as he was in Australia.

His record is astounding. 173,489 times he waddled up on his 10-to-2 feet and he took 2,830 wickets, 153 of them in 53 Tests. There were runs, too, getting on for 22,000 of them, and, although generally late middle order, he opened the batting for England on six occasions. He scored six hundreds, not enough for a player of his ability, the last of them, in 1976, completed against Warwickshire while I was at the crease. I was considerably more excited by it than he was.

Fred was my mentor, a very special person in my career. He knew the game, of course he did, but more than that he knew my game. Once, when I was going through a bad trot, not helped by a niggle that I was trying to hide, he took umbrage with the club who, meaning well, had asked a variety of people to have a look. “Never do that again,” he said. “It’s me who knows what he does, not them.” I valued that support. The following day he gave me some early tuition and I took six wickets. His great strength for me was an ability to simplify the game (“simple game made difficult by people”) and to do so in such a way that one thought that the ideas that he implanted were from within.

He talked of batsmen, how to look for weaknesses, watch for the way a new player walked out, how he carried himself, how he held the bat, what was his stature: all the fundamental things that added up to a philosophy. It is easy to say that you cannot buy that sort of tutelage but, when I went to Glamorgan as captain, I managed to persuade the club to hire Fred for two days of tutorials for the spin bowlers in the club. He left with them in awe.

For all that, I could rarely get a drink out of him even during one of our cricket-talking sessions at some county hotel or other. “Want a drink?” “Thanks Fred, I’ll have a pint.” “You decide the drink, I’ll decide the quantity.” Some of us remembered that a couple of weeks ago at a lunch at Lord’s in honour of the long-serving, wonderful coach Don Bennett. We toasted Fred as an absent friend that day. We shall be toasting him again rather sooner than we had perhaps imagined. (Mike Selvey 23rd March 2011.)

 

Fred enjoyed a remarkable cricketing life as a professional, in a career which spanned five different decades as a player.

I use the term ‘Player’, because Fred played his early Cricket in the era of ‘Gentlemen’ and ‘Players’. For those unfamiliar with the distinction, it was a period which reflected the class structure of Britain in the 1950’s, and the previous cricketing eras. Different dressing rooms were used by the Gentlemen (Amateurs) and the Players (Professionals), and each group took the field via different entrances. Travelling arrangements to and fro matches were representative of the class distinction, and accommodation likewise.

Fred Titmus, and his like, were deemed to be a ‘worker’ and not ‘officer class’, and experienced second-class treatment. That is until, the meritocracy of sport (and one of the many reasons I love it) took over between the two wickets pitched at each end of the cut strip, 22 yards apart. This was ‘the space’ where artists and artisans could do battle irrespective of their background and upbringing.

To think that Len Hutton became the first ‘Player’ (Professional) to Captain England )in 1952) highlights how difficult it was for bulk of the population to rise to the top in English Cricket.

In David Kynaston’s excellent book ‘Family Britain: 1951-57’, an example of the class-distinction of the era is revealed by the true story of a tannoy announcement during a match at Lord’s which informed the crowd as a young Middlesex pro made his way to the middle:
‘‘Ladies and Gentlemen, a correction to your scorecards. For ‘FJ Titmus, please read ‘Titmus F.J’ ’’

How times have changed.

Fred lived through a period of considerable social evolution in Britain, and what is more, played his part in bringing respect and gravitas to the common man. His ‘common’ touch put people at ease, and his desire to share his knowledge about the game he loved to those with keen ears, knew no bounds.

It would be a fitting tribute to a man who graced Lord’s Cricket Ground for so long (both with Middlesex and England) to have a part of the ground named in his honour. ‘The Home of Cricket’ has traditionally honoured the most prominent ‘Gentlemen’: Grace Harris, Warner; Allen etc.

In post-modern society, wouldn’t it be wonderful if one of the best ‘Players’ were to be honoured in similar fashion?

To Walk or Not?

The world’s best player Sachin Tendulkar ‘walked’ off for only 2 runs having ‘featehred’ one to the wicket-keeper, in his 450th One Day International, whilst being on the cusp of his 100th International Century.

Umpire Steve Davis had shaken his head to West Indies opening bowler Ravi Rampaul, to signify a ‘not out’ decision, but ‘The Little Master’ had already turned on his heels and was walking back to the pavilion, true to his instincts of playing in ‘the spirit of the game’.

David Gower and Michael Holding made much capital out of the wonderful example set by the world-renown and highly respsected Tendulkar, and how they hope more batsmen will follow his lead.

In contrast, Australian Captain Ricky Ponting got ‘a fat nick’ to one yesterday off Pakistan off spinner Mohammed Hafeez, and stood. The Umpire Decsion Review System then sent Ponting on his way. A poor example, or just playing the game to the letter of the law?

Australian legend Adam Gilchrist spoke in his autobiography of why he became ‘a walker’ after he nicked one behind, and got away with it, playing for New South Wales and felt so guilty afterwards that he decided never to repeat the exercise. Subsequently Gilchrist ‘walked’ in a World CUp semi Final against Sri Lanka in 2003, and received global recognition for his sportsmanship, even though locally, some of his fellow Australian players in the dressing room were unhappy that he had not taken advantage of the opportunity to benefit from a decision the umpire was unable to give out because he was unsighted.

With modern technology available to umpires, it is harder for players to ‘get away with it’, but the age old dliemna of whether to walk, (or not), remains a key talking point in the game.

In days gone by, anyone in Eglish County Cricdekt who didn’t walk weas regarded in poor light, but in modern cricket, there seems to be a greeater accceptance that if a player can ‘get away with it’, then good luck to them.

Should it be such a personal choice, or should the decision be entirely in the hands of the umpire and technology?

Is not ‘walking’ in effect, cheating?

Is the decision to ‘walk’ after an umpire has given a decision not out, a process which undermines the umpire, and his original decision?

By definition, for all the talk about ‘the spirit of Cricket’, do players know what this statement really means?

Does Captaincy Matter?

In the history of sport, some iconic names have been revered for their role as Captains. Did they make the difference for their team, or is the role of the sporting Captain over-rated?

As England’s Rugby team prepares for a possible Grand Slam in Ireland this wekend without their Captain Mike Tindall, while England’s Italian Football Manager Fabio Capello wrestles with the decision of who to appoint as his leader on the pitch against Wales in Cardiff next weekend. Much speculation surrounds the possible re-annointing of Chelsea’s John Terry as England Captain in the continued absence of  ’official’ Captain  Rio Ferdinand. For Martin Johnson, and England Rugby, the choice is easy if Lewis Moody is fit to start. If not, another Captain will be needed for the crunch game. Will either decision make a difference to the team’s performance?

Meanwhile in Cricket, Andrew Strauss became the longest serving England Captain (in ODI’s) this week. He crowned the achievement by leading his team with great skill, and considerable nerve, in their ‘must-win’ match v West Indies in Chennai at the ICC Cricket World Cup. Would England have won without Strauss’s skill, and in particular his smart field-placing to put a short leg in to Ramnaresh Sarwan off Graeme Swann, to capture the key wicket as the match reached its climax? I doubt it. Captaincy really matters in Cricket.

Michael Vaughan’s captaincy of England in 2005, played a big role in helping his team overcome the all-conquering Australian cricket team for the first time in eighteen years. I was privileged to attend a cricket coaches’ workshop with Michael last week, and heard him present some of his ideas on both batting and captaincy. He was superb. The clarity he had about his leadership style and how best to take pressure off his team was most impressive. His key message was that he wanted to take the pressure off his team, and encouraged them to enjoy the game, and go for their shots, without fear of recrimination.

Consistently successful Cricket teams are often known by their Captain’s name. For example ‘Bradman’s ’48 Invincibles’; ‘Steve Waugh’s All-conquering Australians’; ‘Clive Lloyd’s West Indians’. Their legend precedes them, such as ‘Viv Richards’ West Indians’, who never lost a Test Series.

My sporting hero, the late Bobby Moore, was triumphant as a Captain at Wembley on three occasions in two years. First he led West Ham to FA Cup triumph in 1964, then the European Cup Winners Cup in 1965, followed by lifting the World Cup for England in 1966. Even today, his fellow players still talk with a deep affection and great respect for ‘the captain’.

The late Sir Bobby Robson formed a strong bond with his England Captain, the Manchester United midfielder Bryan Robson, and even christened him ‘Captain Marvel’. However, in football, where the Manager is more responsible for tactics, selection and the team’s preparation, I have my doubts about the impact of captaincy over Manager/coaching. The Manager can influence his team and the match from the touchline too, especially by substituting several players at key stages of a match as well as dominating talks pre-match, and at half-time, in the changing room. The captain can be the manager’s voice on the pitch, and a link between him and the players from a social perspective, but I doubt his influence goes much beyond that.

Ten days ago, I had lunch with Dr Ali Bacher in Johannesburg. Ali is best known as one of the leading administrators in world cricket, but in his playing career, he was a fine batsman and highly regarded Captain of both Transvaal and South Africa. I spoke with him about captaincy and in particular, the 1969-70 series against Bill Lawry’s Australians which South Africa won 4-0. Ali’s modesty led him to say that his team was superb, and full of truly ‘world-class’ cricketers, but I know (from having spoken to some members of his team) how much they appreciated his very sharp mind as their captain, and how well he brought a diverse group of players together in order to produce an outstanding series result.

We spoke about the Captains in modern cricket and a concern I had, that so many county captains in English domestic cricket are experiencing an average tenure of one and a half seasons! Keith Fletcher, my first Captain at Essex County Cricket Club, was  a sage tactician and believed that it took three years to understand what the job was about, and that the best captains evolve and grow into the role over time. Ali Bacher is a passionate believer in the value of reading about the history of the game, and questions whether modern players and modern captains take advantage of the information available to them by understanding more about what has gone before. As he said, the game hasn’t changed as much as some peole like to believe. The basics of cricket remain, and those who have a great understanding of them will go far in the game.

Captaincy matters, even with great players in the team.

It also matters when the team has above-average players, because a good captain can galvanise disparate individuals and make them an effective unit, with individuals playing to their limitations by focusing exclusively on playing to their individual strengths for the greater good of the team. Getting individuals to connect to something greater than ‘self’ can be a challenging task, but the best leaders can do it, which is why some teams possess a whole which is greater than the sum of their parts.

Tactical nous, excellent man-management, and good playing ability which enables the skipper to lead from the front are all major contributors to a Cricket captain’s success. Michael Vaughan and Ali Bacher were good examples of this, but one example of considerable success in Cricket where the playing input was minimal is Mike Brearley, one of the best-regarded Captains in the history of the sport.

A Test average of just 22.88 is a poor return for an opening batsman from 39 Tests, but Mike Brearley brought far more than his ability as an opening batsman and slip fielder to the England tream. Former Ausdtralian paceman Rodney hogg was famously described the then England Captain (1978-9) as having ”a degree in people”. He was right, Brearley went on to train as a psycho-analyst and became President of the British Psycho-Analytical Society (2008-2010). His Cricket captaincy transformed England’s fortunes in the 1981 Test series against Australia in England, which became known as ‘Botham’s Ashes’.

Brearley believed in captaining by intelligent hunches, and by being  sympathetic and understanding in the management of his players. Good man-management is critical to the success of an individual within a team, and also the team’s collective performance.

I was very fortunate a couple of months ago to spend an evening in Mike Brearley’s company when he gave a talk about his experiences on cricket captaincy. It was obvious that he was a deep thinker and a very deliberate and considered speaker. His tone was very gentle but some of his opinions were very sharp. I imagine he was a fascinating contrast of a man to hav eplayed with and played under. One of the key aspects of his talk which struck me was his desire to ‘hear all the voices’ in his team. He steadfastly believed in the need for greater inclusion and wanted all of his men thinking about the game at all times, partly to ensure nobody switched off, and partly to ensure that plenty of ideas about how to move the game forward could be assimilated, rather than just relying on the perspective of himself, and maybe one or two trusted senior players.

It is no surprise to me that both Middlesex and England were very successful teams under Brearley’s leadership.

My thinking has led me to believe that cricket captaincy plays a much more significant role in the unfolding sporting performance of a team, than a Rugby or Football captain. This is partly because of the stop/start nature of the game, and the opportunity to influence the ebb and flow of the game every ball. In the other two major sports, most of the tactics are decided by the Manager/Coach and the nature of their set-plays can be worked on during the week’s training, whereas in Cricket,  much of the play is determined by the bowler/captain relationship at any given moment in time. The longer duration of the match and the fact that cricketers play virtually every day and the matches are played over multiple continuous days, means that the on-filed captain will be more influential than any off-field influence, such as the coach.

I would define the management relationship in Cricket, as Managing Director (Captain) and Consultant (Coach).

Poor captaincy can destroy cricket teams whereas I doubt the same impact would be felt by another sporting team quite so much.

However, having watched the DVD of British and Irish Lions Tours and seen some of the team talks, I imagine the pre-game influence of a respected leader is an important factor in galvanising the team prior to competition.

I love some of the sayings which have been instrumental in teams entering the field of play with a level of controlled aggression and high passion, primed for combat. Former Ireland and British Lions Captain Willie John McBride seemd to have a way with words which left others with the hairs standing on the back of their necks. My particular favorite was:

‘‘Before the game he (McBride) told his players: “Take this day for yourselves, make it something you can have always. Don’t leave that field thinking you could have done anything more.’’

Another favorite  of mine was Jim Telfer’s Speech to the 1997 British & Irish Lions:

He separated sportsmen into two groups – but they were not ‘the winners’ and ‘the losers’. He said: 

‘‘There are two types of rugby players boys, there are honest ones and then there are the rest. Defeat doesn’t worry me. It’s performance that matters.’’

In The Daily Mail on Saturday 19th March, England Rugby’s Chris Ashton speaks glowingly of his Team Manager Martin Johnson, but reveals much about the role of the Captain too. He says of the former England Rugby World Cup winning Captain:

 ‘He has done everything in the game and he speaks as if he’s still playing, as if he’s  captain, not manager,’ added Ashton. ‘You know that what he is saying is what he would have said had he been giving a team talk as a player. I’ve never known a coach like that and it has a massive effect, because when he speaks, you listen.

‘I’m looking forward to his team talk in  Dublin because I know everything he says will be true, and he’ll mean every word of it. We’ve lost two captains, Lewis Moody and Mike Tindall, but he makes that less of a blow. It’s like having another captain anyway.’

As the 2011 Cricket World Cup reaches the knockout phase, I wonder which Captain will hold the trophy aloft in mumbai on Aril 2nd, and follow in the footsteps of some legendary names as past winning Captains. Clive Lloyd (twice); Kapil Dev; Allan Border; Imran Khan; Arjuna Ranatunga; Steve Waugh; Ricky Ponting (twice) – some list!

So does captaincy matter?

Listening to other former sportsmen, and reading about sport and leadership, my hypothesis is that consistent top performance in teams does not happen without good captaincy.